Schizophrenia is a mental health condition that is characterized by problems with thinking and communication.
One specific aspect of this, called Formal Thought Disorder (FTD), refers to the loss of structure in our thought process that manifests in speech. Many clinical observers in 19th and 20th centuries referred to this aspect, rather than hearing voices or having odd beliefs, as the core aspect of schizophrenia. But this phenomenon is not well understood.